Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh ysh osh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4580 4580 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4643 4643 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4580 4580 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4645 4645 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4645 4645 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4645 4645 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4693 4693 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4693 4693 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4693 4693 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 4705 4705 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4594 4594 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4643 4643 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4643 4643 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4645 4645 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4645 4645 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4645 4645 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4595 4595 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4646 4646 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4596 4596 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4652 4652 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4652 4652 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 231 321 355 366 4722 4722 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4589 4589 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4603 4603 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4675 4675 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4659 4659 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4652 4652 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4603 4603 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4652 4652 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4669 4669 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4596 4596 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 226 318 352 363 4715 4715 date | wc -l 33 158 183 227 318 352 363 4580 4715 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4666 4667 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4666 4666 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 226 318 380 363 4715 4715 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 226 318 380 363 4580 4715 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 226 326 360 370 4715 4715 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4685 4685 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4667 4667 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4670 4669 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 160 185 241 350 383 377 4717 4718 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4667 4667 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4667 4667 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4668 4668 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4595 4595 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4644 4644 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4663 4663 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 167 192 237 344 377 379 4712 4712 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4646 4646 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 172 190 238 398 431 384 4714 4714 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4658 4658 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5571 6884 8003 13491 14711 15805 241908 242179