Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh ysh osh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4607 4607 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4670 4670 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4607 4607 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4672 4672 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4672 4672 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4672 4672 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4720 4720 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4720 4720 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4720 4720 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 4732 4732 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4621 4621 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4670 4670 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4670 4670 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4674 4674 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4672 4672 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4672 4672 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4622 4622 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4675 4675 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4625 4625 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4681 4681 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4681 4681 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 231 321 355 366 4749 4749 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4618 4618 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4630 4630 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4702 4702 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4686 4686 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4679 4679 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4630 4630 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4679 4679 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4698 4698 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4625 4625 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 226 318 352 363 4742 4742 date | wc -l 33 158 183 226 318 352 363 4607 4742 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4693 4693 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4696 4695 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 226 318 380 363 4744 4744 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 226 318 380 363 4609 4744 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 226 326 360 370 4742 4742 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4712 4712 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4696 4696 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4696 4696 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 160 185 241 350 383 376 4747 4747 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4696 4696 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4694 4694 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4695 4695 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4622 4622 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4671 4671 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4692 4692 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 167 189 237 344 377 379 4739 4739 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4673 4673 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 168 190 238 398 431 384 4741 4741 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4685 4685 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5567 6881 8002 13491 14711 15804 243343 243612